Rethinking Cultural Property Protection: Between Communal Intellectual Property and Cultural Heritage
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35312/studia.v26i2.871Keywords:
kekayaan budaya, kekayaan intelektual komunal, perlindungan hukum, warisan budayaAbstract
Studi ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan rekomendasi bagi model perlindungan hukum oleh negara yang memadai bagi kekayaan budaya Indonesia. Melalui penelitian hukum empiris dengan data primer dan sekunder, studi ini mengeksplorasi kerangka hukum yang mengatur kekayaan budaya Indonesia. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa hukum kekayaan budaya di Indonesia masih terfragmentasi, sering kali tumpang tindih, bertentangan, dan menciptakan ambiguitas dalam prosedur perlindungan, sehingga menimbulkan kebingungan bagi komunitas budaya. Selain itu, ditemukan adanya dualisme dalam perlindungan defensif melalui sistem registrasi terpisah yang dikelola oleh Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan untuk warisan budaya serta Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Intelektual di bawah Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia untuk kekayaan intelektual komunal. Perlindungan hukum positif masih kurang memadai, khususnya terkait penegakan hukum terhadap penyalahgunaan dan misapropriasi kekayaan budaya. Studi ini menyoroti kebutuhan mendesak akan harmonisasi dan interpretasi komprehensif hukum kekayaan budaya untuk memastikan keadilan, kepastian hukum, dan kemanfaatan yang lebih besar bagi masyarakat sebagai pengemban kekayaan budaya.
Kata kunci—kekayaan budaya; warisan budaya; kekayaan intelektual komunal; perlindungan hukum
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REGULATIONS AND INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS
Government Regulation Number 56 Tahun 2022 on Communal Intellectual Property
Law Number 11 Tahun 2010 tentang Tangible Cultural Property
Undang-Undang No. 28/2014 o Copyright
Minister of Human Rights Regulation Number 13 of 2017 on Communal Intellctual Property Data
Presidential Regulation Number 78 of 2007 tentang Pengesahan Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage
Minister of Education and Culture Number 106 tahun 2013 on Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia
UNESCO, The 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage
UNESCO, The 2005 Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions,
United Nations, The 2007 UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
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